The primary component of a computer that performs calculations and executes instructions from programs. Often called the “brain” of the computer, the CPU handles general-purpose processing tasks such as running applications, managing the operating system, and coordinating hardware.

A type of cyber attack where stolen usernames and passwords from one breach are used to gain unauthorized access to other accounts. This is especially dangerous when users reuse passwords across platforms.

Insurance policy requiring multi-factor authentication (MFA), immutable backups, endpoint detection and response (EDR), security training, and vulnerability scanning.

The practice of protecting networks, systems, and data from cyber threats, like hacking, malware, and phishing, to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.

A set of best practices, policies, and security controls to manage and reduce cybersecurity risk (e.g., NIST Cybersecurity Framework).